March 31, 2006 – The Measure of a Life
March 31, 2006 – The Measure of a Life
My mother had once told me that she was going to write the story of her life and shock a few people in the process. I don’t know if she ever got around to actually putting her life on paper but I had begun recording her recollections on tape and transcribing them. The great disappointment in this exercise is that I can’t capture what my mother is saying. I’m putting her word on paper but not distilling her meaning. My mother is a complex woman who learned early in her life to communicate at many different levels. And I never mastered the art of understanding the meanings contained in her layered expressions and body language. I can attempt to interpret them but much if not all of her meaning will get lost in translation.
Trinidad Dionicia McLeod, nee Quindara, left her uncle’s home, where she had been raised alongside her cousin Juliana to make her way in the world. She had received the best education available to a young girl in turn-of-the century Manila, Philippines—the islands, then an American possession, with a citizenry now adopting English as the second language throughout the Islands. English was becoming the national language since the Philippines had and still has an abundance of dialects throughout the islands’ many provinces. When Mom graduated high school she spoke Tagalog, the dialect of Manila and the surrounding region, Ilocano, the dialect of Agoo La Union, where her father’s family lived and where she was born, and English. “We were all taught English from the first grade,” Mom recalled.
In the mid-1930s as Mom neared maturity Manuel Quezon had become President of the Philippine Commonwealth, which had been newly created in 1935. For the early part of the century, the islands had been a U.S. possession acquired for $20 million in Paris on December 10, 1898 in a settlement with Spain over the Spanish-American War. Mom’s generation was the first raised under American rule. Her parents had live through the transition from a Spanish-speaking nation to an English-speaking one. She went to work right after her uncle died. I asked her what caused his death and she replied that he was a very handsome man who had been a policeman in his earlier life and had made enemies, both men, whom he had jailed, and women, whose hearts he had stolen. The speculation is that one of his spurned lovers had put a curse of him and he had died as a result. With Mom, what she says can have a myriad of meanings. I couldn’t tell if she was kidding. In her early childhood she had lost her mother and now her uncle—the only father she had known. Her mother had been the last of her line. Looking back through the lens of time, all the sorrows of those times lack the force to stir emotion these many years later. Time buries all unhappiness.
At the tender age of 22 she was out working to help support herself and her family. It was 1935 and the world was digging itself out from the Great Depression. The Japanese were building prosperity by preparing for war, something that seemed distant and unfathomable to Manila’s men and women in the street. Mom’s first job out of school was at a Chinese-owned printing company. Mom said the Chinese in the Philippines were the business owners. She applied for and got a job as a typesetter. “He hired me because I was a good speller,” she said. After mom had proofed the typeset copy, the owner would also read it over. “Most of what was printed was in English,” Mom declares, but it’s hard to say for sure—a detail clouded by years in the U.S. She worked at the print shop for three years. During that time, she met her first husband Ricardo Clemente, who also worked there. They were married and enjoyed the handful of halcyon years before the outbreak of the Second World War. General Douglas MacArthur had arrived in the Philippines in 1937 as head of the U.S. military mission helping the islands prepare for full independence in 1946. The year 1937 was also the year SV was born, Mom’s only child with her first husband.
The idyllic life of Roberto and Trinidad Clemente was thrown into chaos with the outbreak of war in the Pacific. As a U.S. possession, The Philippines became a prime target after the Japanese launched their attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7th, 1941. A short two weeks later, on December, 22 1941. Lieutenant General Masaharu Homma led two divisions of Japan’s 14th Army onto the beaches of Lingayen Gulf, 120 miles north of Manila on the west coast of Luzon. Mom’s first husband died just after the war began, as the Japanese were invading. He came down with pneumonia, was ill for three days and then he expired. General Homma was the man responsible for the bombing of Manila after it had been declared an open city—the equivalent of raising a white flag. “They were blowing Manila to pieces,” Mom recalled. Homma was also responsible for the infamous Bataan Death March. Of over 70,000 American and Filipino soldiers who surrendered, over 10,000 perished. Mom’s family was touched by the atrocities. “The Japanese took my husband’s brother who was a doctor and we never saw him again,” she remembers.
“I was working to support my husband’s family as well as SV and me,” she recalled. Somehow, Mom never explained how, she managed to come into possession of a truck that she used to earn a living. “We had a business. We would take used clothes from Manila to the country, to Agoo, to sell for farm produce. We would return to Manila and sell the produce for money and more clothes.” With the bombing of Manila Mom, SV, and her in-laws had left Manila and found refuge in the province of her birth, Agoo La Union. The government was moving everyone into evacuation centers and that’s where SV, my in-laws, and I were staying. My mother-in-law was taking care of SV, while I worked. There was another little girl Cora, Corazon was her name. She was so tiny. She was only two years old. Her mother died when we were in the evacuation center. We loved her and took her everywhere we went. Those were the hardest days in my life.”
In that conversation Mom and I had nearly 10 months ago, I had found the traits that defined my mother’s character. The most extreme circumstance had tested her will and it was not found wanting. She managed to provide for herself and for those she had taken responsibility for and would continue to do so throughout the war and afterwards. I would make sure this got into her obituary.

